What is Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH)?

CH is a condition where a baby is born with a thyroid gland that is missing, underdeveloped, or not working properly. The thyroid hormone (Thyroxine or T4) is crucial for brain development and growth.

How is it found?

Almost all cases are found through Newborn Screening (the heel prick test done in the hospital shortly after birth). Most babies with CH look completely normal at birth and have no symptoms, which is why screening is vital.

Why is immediate treatment critical?

Thyroid hormone is "brain food" for a baby. If a baby lacks this hormone in the first few weeks and months of life, it can lead to permanent intellectual disability and slow growth. With early treatment, the child will have normal intelligence and live a normal life.

What is the treatment?

• Daily Medication: The baby must take a crushed pill of Levothyroxine every single day.
• Administration: It can be mixed with a small amount of breast milk, formula, or water. Do not mix it with soy formula or iron supplements, as these block absorption.
• Consistency: Never miss a dose.

How is the baby monitored?

Your pediatric endocrinologist will check blood levels (TSH and T4) very frequently (every 1-2 months in the first year). As the baby grows, the dose will need to be increased.

Is it lifelong?

In most cases, yes. However, some children have a "transient" form. Doctors may try a trial off medication after age 3 (when brain development is less critical) to see if the thyroid works on its own.